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| Online Flora of the Maltese Islands by Stephen Mifsud |
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Juncus maritimus (Sea Rush) |
Juncus maritimus (JUNCACEAE.)
Images for this profile are taken from the Maltese Islands after year 2000.
Website launch: Oct-2002
Taxonomic update: Aug-2026
Code update: Jul-2026 |
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| Nomenclature and General Information |
Species name : |
Juncus maritimusLam.
Published in Encycl. Méth. Bot. 3: 264 (1789) |
Synonyms :
(basionym or principal syn.) |
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Plant Family : |
Juncaceae Juss. (The Rush Family)
9 species from the Juncaceae family are recorded from the Maltese Islands. | English name(s) : | Sea Rush |
Maltese name(s) : |
Simar tal-baħar |
Status for Malta : |
Indigenous. Present on the Maltese islands before man |
Frequency : |
Very Common Common Frequent Scarce Rare Very rare Extinct |
Growth form : |
Germination type [info]: Monocotyledon
Raunkiaer lifeform [info]: Hemicryptophyte ( perennial herbaceous plants with vegetative buds close to the ground ) |
Legal Protection : |
Protected by law: Schedule III of [S.L. 549.44] (Conservation requires the designation of SAC) |
Red List (1989) : |
Threatened status for the Maltese Islands and has been listed in the Red Data Book (1st ed.) |
Flowering Time : |
May – June |
Colour of Flowers: |
Inconspicuous |
Toxicity: |
Not particularly toxic |
Name Derivation : |
Juncus: Latin name for the rush, possibly from 'jungere', = to join or bind, because the stems were used for binding material or weaved into nets or baskets. (Latin origin)
maritimus: Maritime; related to the coast or the seashore. (Latin origin)
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Planting in rural areas : |
Can be planted in rural areas according to ERA Guidelines |
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Description, Habitat and Distribution | |
Botanical Description |
Plant with a creeping rhizome, sometimes laxly caespitose; intravaginal shoots absent. Stems 50-100 cm, usually 1.5-2 mm in diameter, with 2-4 leaves. Inflorescence many-flowered, usually lax; first bract long, forming an apparent prolongation of the stem, the second usually short. Perianth-segments unequal; outer ovate, more or less boat-shaped, acute, shortly mucronate; inner shorter, narrowly elliptical, obtuse, without auricles. Stamens c. 2/3 as long as perianth; anthers about twice as long as filaments. Capsule 2.5-3.5 mm, trigonous-ovoid, obtuse or subacute, mucronate, equalling or slightly exceeding the perianth. Seeds 0.8-1.2 mm. | |
Habitat in Europe |
Salt-marshes and saline meadows.
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Preferred habitat in Malta |
Data will be available in the next update of this website.
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Chromosome number(s) |
2n=48 | |
Distributional range |
Coasts of Europe, northwards to Scotland and S.E. Sweden locally inland in E.C. Europe and the Mediterranean region.
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Distributional maps from various sources |
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Occurrences in Europe
(from Flora Europaea till 1993) |
Albania, Austria and Liechtenstein, the Azores, Belgium, the Balaeric Islands, Britain (excl. Northern Ireland and Channel islands), Bulgaria, Corse, Crete, Denmark, France (incl. Monaco and Channel Islands but excluding Corse), Germany, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain (incl. Andorra but excl. the Balaerics), Hungary, Italy (mainland, excl. Sicily and Sardinia), ex-Jugoslavia, Portugal, Romania, Russia and former USSR, Sardinia, Sicily and/or Malta, Sweden, Turkey (European part)
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Occurrences in Europe
(from Euro+Med Checklist till 2024)
Country codes
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AE(G) Al Au Az Be Bl Br Bu Co Cr Cy Da Ga Ge Gr Hb Ho Hs Hu IJ It Ju Lu Rf(CS) Rm Sa Si Su Tcs Tu(A E) Uk(K U)
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| Links & Further literature
(0 papers) |
Google Web |
Google Images |
Google Scholar |
Research Gate |
Wikipedia |
JSTOR |
GBIF |
Med Checklist |
Cat. of Life |
EoL |
IPNI |
World Flora Online |
Plants of the World Online |
Vienna Virt. Herb. |
RBGE Herbarium |
KEW Herbarium |
MNHN |
Garden Database |
IUCN |
TROPICOS |
Kindly Email if there are papers and publications about local
studies or information about this species to be included in the list above.
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Sales and Donations
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Sales of seeds of wild plant from Malta: Seeds of selected wild plant species may be available for academic studies, research purposes, or personal use. Please note that not all species can be supplied or exported. Availability is subject to seasonal seed production, stock levels, and applicable regulations, including Maltese legislation and CITES requirements where relevant. Protected and endemic species cannot be sold (at least without the relevant environmental permits).
How it works: First, submit a quotation request by completing the Online Quotation Form (link provided on the right side of this table). Once your request has been reviewed, you will receive confirmation regarding seed availability, export eligibility (where applicable), pricing, and any transport charges. Payments are accepted by Revolut, bank transfer (IBAN), or PayPal only; credit and debit card payments are not accepted.
Please note that local orders are currently not being accepted. Seek Maltese nurseries and NGOs for local orders.
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Online Quotation (Seeds)
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Buy Images: Purchase photographs from this extensive online collection of Maltese flora by Stephen Mifsud. Images are available at reasonable prices, with rates varying according to image size and resolution. Your purchase helps support the maintenance and development of this website. When placing an order, please note the image code displayed beneath each photograph on the corresponding species page, as this is required when completing the online order form. Images are normally supplied under a license agreement, with copyright retained by the author; however, the sale of copyright for exceptional images may be considered on request.
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Online Purchase (Images)
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| Contribute Information or Report Errors |
Use this form to submit additional information about this species or to report any inaccuracies on this webpage.
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Atlas Flora Europaea
GBIF Distribution Map
WFO Distribution map
